Improvement in machines for making bolts and nuts



ISSheets-Sheefi 1. G; R. POSTLETHWAITE. MACHINE FOR MAKING BOLTS AND NUTS.

No. 1'11,082 Patented Jan 17, 1871 k QBMLQL mm w: "can 5 PF. rERS co You. :14 c.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. R. POST-LETHWAITE. MACHINE FOR MAKING B'OLTS AND NUTS. No.111,082.

Patented Jan.17, 1871.

FIG 3 THE NORmS PETERS cov woxduwa. wismumon o c v s Sheets-Sheet 3.

G. R. POSTLETHWAITE. MACHINE FOR MAKING BOLTS AND NUTS.

No. 111,033. Patented Janql'i, 18'71 w mm U ir-su v defied finder fi test trilli n e.

GEORGE RICHARD POSTLETHW-AITE, OF BIRMINGHAM. GREAT BRITAIN.

I Letters Patent No. 111,082, amt January17, 1871.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR MAKING BO LTS AND NUTS.-

tl'he Schedule referred to in thase'Lettq-s Patent making part of the name.

Be it known that I, Gnonoa Rlonimn Bos'rnn THWAITE, of Birmingham, in the Kingdom of Great Britaimmechanical engineer, have invented new and presentthe case in all other machines, by. one crushing stroke, thereby avoiding the necessity ofpowerful gearing, and saving-a great amount of wear and tear.

' The work under operation is brought up to the action of headers by means ofbottom slides working vertically under the action of foot-levers, or by a self-acting 'motion'derived from the machine, and the heated iron may be thus quickly operatcd'upon, securind solidity and peifectiouof workmanship. All gear! ing is dispensed with, a much lighter machine is sufficientto do the work, and considerable less. driri'ng power is. required.

By the combined action of the several parts of my I machine, as hereinafter fully described, it is adapted to a great varietyof work, and will form lrou intoendless shapes, point, cut oil, head, punch, dress up, 85c. By one" or other of the devices much longer or shorter bolts, of morevarieddescription and greater finish, may he made than can .be done anyother machine at present'in use, while every'motion vrequisite for making screw-bolts is obtained.

Figure 1 represents a front elevation, and

Figure 2 an end elevation ofa machine for manufacturing the articles intended.

Figure 3, a trausvelsc vertical section of the same taken through A B, fig. 1.

Figure 4. is a plan, and

. Figure 5 a vertical section, showing some of the slides carrying the lower dies, inclined forward -for the purpose of removing the articles from the dies.

Figured shows the cutting and shaping tools, Figure 7 shows in section, on a large scale, thejdies or tools used in the machine, fig. 1, with the tools in fig. (i forthe making of nuts.

Figure 8 shows the end of a bar of heated iron made by the operation of the cutting tools, fig. 6;

(i b c d are "dies. or tools supported upon verticalslides marked fgh. i. g

The said slides are, capable of "rising and falling in 'the guides marked 7.- and plates 7:, and are also capable of being turned outward upon thejoints b, as shown The bottom sections f, g, h, and 'i', of each of-the slides to which the upper section f, g, 11, and t, is jointed at b, is pivoted to the short end at of the lever 'm, the lower end'of the said lever constituting a treadle, on which-the workman puts his fdot to raise the said slide.

It. will be observed that, when the lever m is depresselhits shorter arm m" is in a right vertical line with the slides f, g, h, and i, above, its lower angle' restiugonthe bed-plate cot-the machine below,*so

that a firm bearing is thus obtained, by the intermediate slide and lever, for the die on the upper end of the slide, directlyvupon the saidbed-plate c.

The treadle an is'raised by the spring m. The position of the siides, when raised by the levers m 111?, is represented infig. 3, and when depressed, in figs. 4

and 5.

On the lower part of each guide v1t is a cross-bar, q", carrying a screw-stop, against which a projection, p,

on the .slide, strikes; By this means theheight to which the slide can be raised by the operation of the treadle-lever an m is regulated.

The distance to which theslides can descend may be regulated by a second screw-stop, 1', fig. 3,; which stop, on the descent of the slide, bears against the top of the cross-bar q. The stop 1' is onlyused under special circumstances, as hereinafter explained.

: At-about the middle or each of the slides f g h in. second lever, s, is jointed, the upper end of the said .lever being connected to the slide by means of a. spring or elastic loop or band, 8'.

The lower end-of the lever 8? passes through and works in a slot in the slide. This lever serves to turn the slide upon itsjoint, (as shown in figs. tand 5,) for removing the bolt or article from the die, and also for projecting the finishedholt or article from the die.

This latter operation is cfi'ectedby the rod t in the axis of the slide, (see fig. 3,) the bottom of which rod rests on the short end or arm of the said lever s.

\V;hen the lever s is ,pulled and the slideturned on its joint, as illustrated in fig.-5, the short end or arm of the said lever at the sa'metime'raises the rod t :and prpjects the bolt or article from the" die. The forward or outward motion of the slides, as in fig. 5,

is prevented (excepting when the said slides are in their lowest position) by means of the front guideplates'lc' It", against which the front of the slides work. J

- series of adjustable stops, :1: x, a stop being situated opposite each of the dies a I) c d. Oneot' these steps is shown, in fig. 6, in connection with the die a.

, The inner end of the stop is jointed, as shown, for

the purpose of permitting of the rising motion of the slide, as hereinafter explained.

Over the dies or tools a b c (la series of movable dies or tools, rn'arkeda J) b c d, work. The upper tool a forms a pair with the lowcrdie or tool a,- the upper tool b 1) forms a pair with the lower dieor tool I the tool 0'' pairs with c and d pairs with (1.

Each of theabove upper movable'dies-is carried by a plnnger,-y, the upper end of; which is connected bya link, :2, with'a, cran!.;-on the principal shaft 2, the .said cranks being arranged at diii'erent angles. The plungers 3 workin the fixedguidc 3.

By the rotation of the shatt 2 a rapid rising and falling motion is given-to the upper dies an) e d.

'4 4 are flywheels on the ends of the crank-shaft 2; and

5 5-ar'e vfast-and-loose pulleys. v

0n thee-nil of the shad; 2 is a pulley, 6, for driving the rotatingzcntter 7, hereinafter explained.

.The first'p'air of diet; or tools a a of thclnmchine are for cutting and shaping the iron for making nuts. These dies areshown separately in fig. 6.

The second pair of: dies, b b. b, are used for making boltsand other articlswith heads. These dies are shown in section in fig. 3. The. external die or head-box b, in which the head of the bolt'is shaped bysthe descent of :t-he'inner die or presing.'tool b bflis workedby the lever 8, forked 'at its inner end, saidlever being connected by the rod 10, andjaim 11 with the slide g. I

As the slide 9, carrying the dish, is raised by the operation of the treadle-lever m; m, the spring 12 is compressed and the lever 8 made to 'turu upon its joint and cause the descent of the head or die-box- 1; upon the lever die b before the-descent of the inner die or pressing-tool b.

',.. The third'pair of dies c-care-swaging tools, for.

swaging nuts and bolts and such like. v

The fourth 'pair of dies d (I? are for finishing or gurliding the tops of nuts or heads of'bolts, and so it I. At the side of the machine aro'dies or tools 13-14, to be used in the manufactnrelof bolts-and nuts. These dies are provided with levers 15 and 16, of the .kind hereinafter described, for raising the belts or ar -.ticles from the dies.-

' A tahlc, 18, runs along the ifront of. the machine, i u'pon which the workman mayplace -the hand-tools he may employ.

The upper and lower dies or tools, "represented 'in fig. 7, whieh are used-with the cutting tools a a, fig. 1, for the rnanufacturcof nuts, are situated inthe machine, fig. 1, iii-the place occupied by the dies or tools,

I) b, or the other pair of dies cc or dd:

,The dies, fig. 7, consist of a; lower die, 20, carried by the slide, the said die having ncarlythe figure of v the extremity of the nut to l eade, and an upper -flat die, 21, fixed 'to the plnngeryofithc machine. Said upper side die 21 has in its'axis-a punch, 22, for

punching the holegin the nut, and th'esaid die 21'has at its under side a; supplementarydie, '23, carried by a spring arm, secured to the fixed guide-3 of the ma-' This supplementary die 23 isof a"concave figure, and when, by the descent of the die cram chine.

said die 23 is pressed upon the top of and made .to

complete the lower die '20,'t-he mar supplementary die efiects the rounding of the top ofthe'nut.

To make screw-nuts hv the use of the improved machinery, take aheatcd bar of iron the end of which has been previously shaped, place it over the lower die a, and against the stop a: at the back of the die, the bar being guided by a side guide. By placing the foot upon the treadle of the slide 1 the said slide is raised and the die (i brought within the range of action of the upper die a As the slide and die are raised the die pushes the joint-ed end of the stops: out of the path of the upper die a. By the deseent'of the upper die a? the end of the heated bar is forced into the lower the a, and shaped to the form shown on a large scale in fig. 8, thenut being connected to the bar bya slight web, and also ready shaped for the next nut to-be formed.

The not attached to thc bar being removed froni the dies, is placed in the lower die 20, fig. 7, arranged in the machine, fig. 1, and the said die, with-the nut -in it, is brought within the range of the upper die 0], v tool by depressing the treadle of the slide carrying it.

By the descent of the upper die 21the supplementary die 23 is closed upon the die 20, and the punch 22 'is\made. to .punch the hole completely through the said nut, the metal. during the punching being forced into every part of the closed dies 20 and 23. The descent of the punch also separates the partly-made nut from-the bar towhich it was adhering The nut thusmade may be removed from the dies by m'eansof a mandrel driven into it, and-be com plet'ed by means of theswaging tools-c c and round- .iug'tools l (P, fig. 1, the mandrel serving to turn and expose the sides of the nut to the action of the swaging-mach'ine; or the nut may be partially punched, leaving a small wad, which may be removed by means of a hand-punch.

The not is finally transferred to the "pair -of tools d 51*, for rounding the top'of the nut, and for perfecting the hole, the lower tool (I being furnished with a peg, on which the shape of the hole is perforated.

The forms of the dies or tools may be varied to suit the particular kind of nut or'the work to h' done.

In making bolts, spikes, and other headed'articles by the use of the improved machinery, rods of the size of the shank required may be used, or thicker 'rods, which may be swaged down by means of suitablc tools, as q 0 after which place it in the lower die 1),. and, by means of the treadle carrying said die,

raise the and rod within the range of action of upperdie I) I), raise the slide'y, and ,die or head-boxb thereby descends upon the lower die I) and incloses the projecting end of the rod. By the deseent of. the-plunger-y the pressing tool b enters theihollow die b and forms the head of the bolt or artiele,-as represented in fig. 3. The said head maybe perfected, if desired,

by means of the. swinging and snapping tools above described.

When the stems of thebolts, &c., are longer than ten inches, the side tools 13 and 14 may be used, the heads being made by means of collars welded and swaged into form.

In order to remove the bur or pin from the heads, bolts, &c., the rotating cutter 7, situated at one end of the machine, figs. 1 and 2, may be used.

- What I claim as my invention, and desire to secare by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination ot a lower vertical die-holder or slide, made liLliWO parts and hinged together, as

and for. the purpose descrioed, a lever, in m", for elerating and'supporting said die-holder, and an upper v'ert-ieally-reciprooating die-holder or plunger 1, as herein set forth.

'2.- The combination of the -die-hoider and lever,-

specified in the first claim, and the lever s.

3. The combination of the die-holder and lever specified in the'first claim, the lever B, andthe eject ing-pin t.

'4. The combination of the die-holder and lever die-holders or slides, the series of levers m for elevatfspeeified in the first claim, and the screw-stops and ing and supporting said slides or holders, the series of levers s, the series of upper reciprocating die or punch- T he combination of the die-holder and lever holders or plnngers, the series of dies a b 0 cl, and the specified in the fir t claim, the plates is and projeeseries of tools-a b c" d, as set forth.

tions k thereon. v G. R. POSTLE'IHWAITE.

6. The combination of the die-holders and lever Witnesses; specified in the first claim,- the dies b b b, lever 8, rod '1. StnTER SMITH,

10, and spring 12, as set forth. Birminglm'm, England,

7. The combination of the series ofjointeil levers, H. TBAVEBS'-EDGE, his clerk. 

